Analyze the three sterilization technologies of sterilization equipment

Boiling sterilization method: applicable to the case of emergency needs, metal instruments, glass and rubber products sterilization. Boil to 100℃ in water for 15 ~ 20 minutes. This method can kill general bacteria. The bacteria with buds should be boiled for at least 1 ~ 2 hours every day for 3 consecutive days. If sodium bicarbonate is added into the water to make it a 2% alkaline solution, the boiling point can be raised to 105℃, the sterilization time can be shortened to 10 minutes, and metal objects can be prevented from rusting. The steam pressure in the pressure pot can reach L27.5kPa, the highest temperature in the pot can reach L24 ℃ or so, and it can be sterilized in 10 minutes, which is the best boiling sterilization method at present. The plateau area has low air pressure and low boiling point, so the altitude should be increased by 300m each time, and the boiling sterilization time should be prolonged by 2 minutes. The application of pressure cooker to boil sterilization can ensure the sterilization quality.

Pressure steam sterilization: high temperature plus pressure sterilization, not only can kill the general bacteria, bacteria bud also has killing effect, is the most reliable, the application of the most common physical sterilization. It is mainly used for sterilization of high temperature resistant articles, such as metal instruments, glass, enamel, dressings, rubber and some medicines. There are many types and styles of the autoclaving sterilizer, such as: The autoclaving autoclaving sterilizer is a commonly used sterilization equipment, the pressure rises to 102.9kPa (1.05kg/cm2), the temperature reaches L21 ~ 126℃, the maintenance lasts for 20 ~ 30 minutes, can achieve the sterilization purpose. The pulsating vacuum pressure steam sterilizer has become the most advanced sterilization equipment. Sterilization conditions: vapor pressure 205.8kPa (2.1kg/cm2), temperature up to L32 ℃ and maintained for l0 minutes, can kill all microorganisms including bacteria bud with strong resistance.

Precautions for autoclaving: The package should not be too large or too tight, generally smaller than 30cm×30cm×50cm; (2) do not arrange the package in the pressure cooker too close, so as not to hinder the steam penetration, affect the sterilization effect; (3) When pressure, temperature and time meet the requirements, the indicator belt and chemical indicator should be sterilized color or state; Flammable and explosive articles, such as iodoform, benzene, etc., are prohibited from autoclavimetric sterilization; (5) Sharp instruments, such as knives, scissors should not be used to sterilize, so as not to become dull; Bottled liquid sterilization, to use cellophane and gauze wrap bottle mouth; If there is a rubber plug, insert the needle to exhaust; There should be a special person responsible for each sterilization, should check the performance of the safety valve, in case of excessive pressure explosion, to ensure safe use; Today marked sterilization date and article preservation time limit, generally can be retained L ~ 2 weeks.

Dry heat sterilization method: Cautery sterilization method: in an emergency need, can be used for the sterilization of metal instruments. Place the device in a basin, pour a small amount of 95% alcohol and light it for 3-5 minutes to sterilize it. This method is injurious to the apparatus. (2) dry baking sterilization method: with dry heat sterilization box (more use of mechanical convection oven) sterilization. The sterilization condition was: 160℃ for 2 hours; 170℃ for 1 hour; L80 ℃ for 30 minutes; It can reach the sterilization requirement at high temperature. Suitable for easily damaged by damp heat and more convenient to use in dry conditions (such as metal, glass, ceramics and vaseline gauze, etc.) sterilization.